Mr. Pecksniff, looking sweetly over the half-door of the bar, and into the vista of snug privacy beyond, murmured 'Good evening, Mrs. Lupin.' — Fred Barnard's second regular illustration for Dickens's Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit (1872), Household Edition, page 9. Wood engraving by the Dalziels, 11.2 cm x 14.3 cm or 4 ⅜ high by 5 ½ inches, framed. Having recovered from an accident on his own front steps, Mr. Pecksniff drops by the local public house, The Blue Dragon, to visit the comely publican, the widow Mrs. Lupin, in the second chapter. [Click on the image to enlarge it.]
Commentary
Whereas Phiz thirty years earlier had chosen Pecksniff and his daughters snugly and smugly ensconced in their parlour as his subject for Chapter 2, Barnard moves from his initial, uncaptioned plate depicting Pecksniff's having taken a tumble at the foot of his own steps in Chapter 2 (p. 1) to the snuggery of the village public house and its attractive proprietress. Mrs. Lupin has summoned Mr. Pecksniff to lend a professional opinion as to the state of health of the elderly gentleman just taken ill upon the road — in fact, none other than his wealthy relative, Martin Chuzzlewit, Senior. Since the letterpress has already introduced readers to both the figures in and the setting of this second illustration, Barnard could simply have provided a portrait of the cheery publican, the Widow Lupin, "broad, buxom, comfortable, and good looking" (Ch. 3) whose visage betokens "hearty participation in the good things of the larder and the cellar," but he has not. Ample-skirted and "comely" as in Dickens's description, Barnard's Mrs. Lupin is neither "dimpled" nor "plump," if we may judge by her profile. As in the novel, she is shown seated by her fireside in the little back parlour. Pecksniff has removed his hat, but has yet to enter and remove his gloves in order to warm his hands before the fire. Made apprehensive by the old gentleman's suspicious nature and pointed interrogation of her in the sick-chamber (the scene Phiz had chosen to depict) minutes earlier, Mrs. Lupin swings around in her chair as Pecksniff announces his benign and soothing presence in customary, oily manner. (A little more obsequiousness accompanied by writhing of the hands and we would have Uriah Heep foreshadowed.) Barnard has filled in the bulk of the parlour scene from his own imagination, providing such details as the mother cat and two kittens (right), Mrs. Lupin's stitchery on the candle-lit table (centre), and the open shelves on either side of her dutch door, none of which constitutes the sort of emblemmatic significance with which Phiz imbued his scenes. Pecksniff, his dress and figure providing visual continuity from the opening illustration, is upstage centre, ready to play the role of the amiable and concerned professional man bent on performing an altruistic act. This second plate, then, sets us up for the third in Barnard's sequence: the sanctimonious hypocrite and the irascible, suspicious patient.
Scanned image and text by Philip V. Allingham. [You may use this image without prior permission for any scholarly or educational purpose as long as you (1) credit the person who scanned the image and (2) link your document to this URL in a web document or cite the Victorian Web in a print one.]
Bibliography
Bentley, Nicolas, Michael Slater, and Nina Burgis. The Dickens Index. New York and Oxford: Oxford U. P., 1990.
Dickens, Charles. The Dickens Souvenir Book. Household Edition. London: Chapman and Hall, 1871-1880. The copy of The Dickens Souvenir Book from which these pictures were scanned is in the collection of the Main Library of The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C.
Dickens, Charles. The Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit. Illustrated by Phiz (Hablot Knight Browne). London: Chapman and Hall, 1844.
_____. Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit. Illustrated by Fred Barnard. Household Edition. 22 vols. London: Chapman and Hall, 1872. Vol. 2.
_____. Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit. Illustrated Sterling Edition. Illustrated by Hablot K. Browne and Frederick Barnard. Boston: Dana Estes, n. d. [1890s]
_____. Life and Adventures of Martin Chuzzlewit. Illustrated by Harry Furniss. The Charles Dickens Library Edition. 18 vols. London: Educational Book, 1910. Vol. 7.
Steig, Michael. "From Caricature to Progress: Master Humphrey's Clock and Martin Chuzzlewit." Ch. 3, Dickens and Phiz. Bloomington & London: Indiana U.P., 1978. Pp. 51-85. [See e-text in Victorian Web.]
Steig, Michael. "Martin Chuzzlewit's Progress by Dickens and Phiz. Dickens Studies Annual 2 (1972): 119-149.
Last modified 6 July 2016
Last updated 16 November 2024